This book comprises six parts – the first part begins with Foundation of Islamic State, covers the administrative and political institutions of the pious Caliphate. The second deals with the Umayyads and the third is the history of intellectual development under the Abbasids of Baghdad. The fourth describes the growth of Moorish Civilization. The fifth deals with the political and cultural history of the Fatimids. The sixth covers the political and cultural heritage of Safavids of Iran. The last part deals with general topics, Islamic Culture, science, culture and eminent scholars of Medieval Islam. The author has also in order to give the background briefly, dealt with its political and economic history. The purpose of this book is to describe the administrative and cultural aspects of Islamic history in a concise yet comprehensive way.